Characteristics
Large load: withstand heavy equipment, large-tonnage cranes and huge stacks.
Large span: To meet the needs of large production lines, the span is usually large.
Large cross-sectional of components: The main load-bearing components (columns, crane beams, roof trusses) often use combined sections or lattice cross-sections, and the thickness of the steel plate is large.
Complex joints: The joints are subjected to huge force, and the design needs to be fine, and high-strength bolt friction connections or welded combination joints are often used.
High stability requirements: The structure is tall, and special attention needs to be paid to overall stability and local stability.
l Main components
1. Transverse frame system: the main lateral force resistance system, including lattice columns (or solid belly columns) and roof trusses (or solid belly beams).
2. Roof system: including roof trusses, brackets, purlins, roof panels, etc.
3. Crane beam system: bear the vertical wheel pressure and lateral braking force of the crane, and transmit it to the column.
4. Support system: including roof support, intercolumn support, braking system, etc., which is used to ensure the overall stability of the structure, transmit horizontal force and provide lateral restraint of the crane beam.
5. Wall frame system: including wind-resistant columns, wall beams, supports, etc., to withstand the tare weight of the wall and wind load.
6. Foundation system: usually uses independent foundations or pile foundations, which can withstand huge vertical forces and bending moments.
l Design the process
1. Preliminary preparation and data collection
- Determine the process requirements: crane tonnage, working system, rail top elevation, process layout drawing.
- Collect geological survey reports: determine the bearing capacity and foundation form of the foundation.
- Determine the load conditions: constant load, live load, wind load, snow load, seismic action, temperature action, etc.
2. Material selection
- The main stressed components are often made of high-strength steel such as Q355B.
3. Establish structural models and calculation analysis
- Use PKPM and other software to establish spatial models.
- Accurately simulate the connection between components (rigid/articulated).
—Apply loads and make combinations.
- Perform pressure calculation, deformation calculation, and stability analysis。
4. Component design and optimization
- Calculate the strength, stability and stiffness of all components such as columns, beams, trusses, and supports.
- Carry out cross-section optimization and seek economy under the premise of meeting the specifications.
5. Node design
Design column foot nodes (rigid/articulated), beam-column connection nodes, roof truss nodes, support connection nodes, etc.
6. Basic design
Design the foundation size and reinforcement according to the internal forces (axial force, bending moment, shear force) at the bottom of the column.
7. Draw construction drawings
Draw structural layout drawings, component details, node details, material tables, etc.
8. Review and proofreading
Conduct a comprehensive review of the design documents to ensure safety, economy and reasonableness.